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Nanotheranostics 2024; 8(3):401-426. doi:10.7150/ntno.95791 This issue Cite

Review

Targeted Nanotheransotics: Integration of Preclinical MRI and CT in the Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Advanced Diseases

Jyoti Bonlawar¹, Aseem Setia¹, Ranadheer Reddy Challa², Bhaskar Vallamkonda², Abhishesh Kumar Mehata¹, Vaishali¹, Matte Kasi Viswanadh³, Madaswamy S Muthu^1✉

1. Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India.
2. Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, VIGNAN'S Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3. Department of Pharmaceutics, KL College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram 522302, AP, India.

✉ Corresponding author: Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi - 221005, India. Tel.: +91 9235195928; Fax: +91 542 2368428; E-mail: msmuthu.pheac.in (Madaswamy S. Muthu).

Abstract

The integration of preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) methods has significantly enhanced the area of therapy and imaging of targeted nanomedicine. Nanotheranostics, which make use of nanoparticles, are a significant advancement in MRI and CT imaging. In addition to giving high-resolution anatomical features and functional information simultaneously, these multifunctional agents improve contrast when used. In addition to enabling early disease detection, precise localization, and personalised therapy monitoring, they also enable early disease detection. Fusion of MRI and CT enables precise in vivo tracking of drug-loaded nanoparticles. MRI, which provides real-time monitoring of nanoparticle distribution, accumulation, and release at the cellular and tissue levels, can be used to assess the efficacy of drug delivery systems. The precise localization of nanoparticles within the body is achievable through the use of CT imaging. This technique enhances the capabilities of MRI by providing high-resolution anatomical information. CT also allows for quantitative measurements of nanoparticle concentration, which is essential for evaluating the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanomedicine. In this article, we emphasize the integration of preclinical MRI and CT into molecular imaging and therapy for advanced diseases.

Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, nanotheranostics, advanced diseases

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