A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment

Ahmad, Musbahu Adam; Aung, Yu-yu; Widati, Alfa Akustia; Sakti, Satya Candra Wibawa; Sumarsih, Sri; Irzaman, Irzaman; Yuliarto, Brian; Chang, Jia-yaw; Fahmi, Mochamad Zakki

doi:10.7150/ntno.80076

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Theranostics

International Journal of Biological Sciences

International Journal of Medical Sciences

Journal of Cancer

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Nanotheranostics 2023; 7(2):187-201. doi:10.7150/ntno.80076 This issue Cite

Review

A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment

Musbahu Adam Ahmad¹, Yu-yu Aung¹, Alfa Akustia Widati^1,2, Satya Candra Wibawa Sakti^1,2, Sri Sumarsih¹, Irzaman Irzaman³, Brian Yuliarto⁴, Jia-yaw Chang⁵, Mochamad Zakki Fahmi^1,2✉

1. Department of Chemistry Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
2. Supramodification Nano-micro Engineering (SPANENG) research group, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
3. Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University of Indonesia, Bogor16680, Indonesia.
4. Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung40132, Indonesia.
5. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan, ROC.

Citation:

Ahmad MA, Aung Yy, Widati AA, Sakti SCW, Sumarsih S, Irzaman I, Yuliarto B, Chang Jy, Fahmi MZ. A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment. Nanotheranostics 2023; 7(2):187-201. doi:10.7150/ntno.80076. https://www.ntno.org/v07p0187.htm

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Abstract

Fluorescent Carbon dots (CDs) derived from biologically active sources have shown enhanced activities compared to their precursors. With their prominent potentiality, these small-sized (<10nm) nanomaterials could be easily synthesized from organic sources either by bottom-up or green approach. Their sources could influence the functional groups present on the CDs surfaces. A crude source of organic molecules has been used to develop fluorescent CDs. In addition, pure organic molecules were also valuable in developing practical CDs. Physiologically responsive interaction of CDs with various cellular receptors is possible due to the robust functionalization on their surface. In this review, we studied various literatures from the past ten years that reported the potential application of carbon dots as alternatives in cancer chemotherapy. The selective cytotoxic nature of some of the CDs towards cancer cell lines suggests the role of surface functional groups towards selective interaction, which results in over-expressed proteins characteristic of cancer cell lines. It could be inferred that cheaply sourced CDs could selectively bind to overexpressed proteins in cancer cells with the ultimate effect of cell death induced by apoptosis. In most cases, CDs-induced apoptosis directly or indirectly follows the mitochondrial pathway. Therefore, these nanosized CDs could serve as alternatives to the current kinds of cancer treatments that are expensive and have numerous side effects.

Keywords: Carbon dots, cancer therapy, organic compounds, natural product, nanomedicine

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APA

Ahmad, M.A., Aung, Y.y., Widati, A.A., Sakti, S.C.W., Sumarsih, S., Irzaman, I., Yuliarto, B., Chang, J.y., Fahmi, M.Z. (2023). A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment. Nanotheranostics, 7(2), 187-201. https://doi.org/10.7150/ntno.80076.

ACS

Ahmad, M.A.; Aung, Y.y.; Widati, A.A.; Sakti, S.C.W.; Sumarsih, S.; Irzaman, I.; Yuliarto, B.; Chang, J.y.; Fahmi, M.Z. A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment. Nanotheranostics 2023, 7 (2), 187-201. DOI: 10.7150/ntno.80076.

NLM

CSE

Ahmad MA, Aung Yy, Widati AA, Sakti SCW, Sumarsih S, Irzaman I, Yuliarto B, Chang Jy, Fahmi MZ. 2023. A Perspective on Using Organic Molecules Composing Carbon Dots for Cancer Treatment. Nanotheranostics. 7(2):187-201.

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